Envelope-machine



(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. R. CLARKE ENVELOPE MACHINE.

No. 392,781 Patented Nov. 13 1888.

By his .Alttornew,

N. PETERS .Phom Lilhugra fluer. Washhlglon. 12. CV

(No Model.) 7 Sheets- -Sheet 2.

G. R. CLARKE.

ENVELOPE MACHINE.

No. 392,781. Patented Nov. 18, 1888.

WITNESSES:

INVE NTOR:

v L I B his .Attomeys, @iww/ M N YERS Hwln-Lilmgmpher. vlmmmm uc.

7. Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.) G. R. CLARKE;

ENVELOPE MACHINE. No. 892,781. Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

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By his .flttomeys,

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Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

INVENTOR: a, 'gwm, By his Attorneys, 7

N m m G. R. CLARKE.

ENVELOPE MACHINE.

(No Model.)

N. PETERS, Phnlniilhuglilphul'. Wnshinglnfl. u. C.

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Patented Nov. 13, 1888..

J INVENTO R':

By his Attorneys,

m .A 2 b 78 EH5. Pmwum m h Wnhingtan. n, c,

(No Model.)

. G. R. CLARKE.

ENVELOPE MACHINE.

WITNESSES:

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet s.

G. R. CLARKE.

ENVELOPE MAGHINE. N0. 392'.781.. Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

INVENTOR:

WITNESSES:

I By his .flttorneys, QM M,Mm

N PiTERS, Fllohrlnhognphcn Waahmglnn. [1Q

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

G. R. CLARKE.

ENVELOPE MACHINE;

Patented Nov. 13, 1888.

0o nu I NVE NTO R qz h $6M By his flttorneys, W, QZ

WITNESSES:

N PETERS, Phala-Lnhognpher. Washingmm n. c

lliran mares GEORGE E. CLARKE, OF MONTELL, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR TO ABEL T. HOVVABD,

OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

ENVELOPE- IWACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 392,781, dated November 13, 1888.

Application filed July 8, 1886. Serial No. 207,501.

To aZZ whom it may cOnccrn:

Be it known that I, GEORGE It. CLARKE, a citizen of the United States, and-a resident of Montell, Uvalde county, Texas, have invented certain Improvements in Envelope-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a machine for making envelopes, paper bags, and similar receptacles from paper and other like materials. In this class of machines the blanks are fed in at one end of the machine and carried through to the other end by means of endless belts and rollers, where they are delivered as complete envelopes or receptacles, the operations of folding and gumming being effected by successive operations on the blank as it is borne along.

My machine comprises a pneumatic feeder, a gummer and folder for the bottom flap, a gummer for the sealing-flap, a folder for the sealing-flap, a delivery mechanism,and means for preventing the gumming of the belt in case a blank should be missed, all ofwhich features will be fully described hereinafter.

In the drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, I have shown it embodied in an envelope-machine.

Figure l is a side elevation of the machine, the right-hand side being chosen. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a detached vertical sectional view, on a larger scale, illustrating the feeding mechanism; and Fig. 3 is a front view of the bail, which will be referred to hereinafter. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the front part of the blanleplatform, showing the notches therein. tial view of the end of the machine, showing the air-exhausting devices in section. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the machine taken through its axis and showing the sealing-flap gumming and folding mechanism and the delivery mechanisms. These views also illustrate the mechanism for preventing the guinming of the carrier-belt. Fig. 6 is a detached elevation, which will be referred to hereinafter. Fig. 7 is a side view of the bottom-flap-folding mechanism, taken from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. Sis transverse section taken on line 8 8 in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 is a detached view that will be referred to herein- Fig. 4. is a par- (X0 model.)

after. Fig. 9 is a plan of the under side of the machine, showing the mechanism under the table-bed. Figs. 1, 2, and 9 are drawn to a small and like scale. Figs. 3, 3, 3*, 4, 5, 6, 7,

8, and 8 are drawn to a larger and like scale, about two and one-half times that of Figs. 1,

2, andi).

Before proceeding to minutely describe the machine, I will say that the mechanism is all mounted on a table, which I prefer to make no of cast-iron, the envelope-blanks are mounted on a platform upheld by a spring or springs, and the blanks are taken from the pile, one by one, by a pneumatic device and delivered to a main endless carrier-belt. This belt carries 6 5 the blanks through folders which fold down the end flaps. It then carries the blank under a gum-roller which applies gum to the b0dy,in the usual V form, for sealing the bottom flap. It then carries the blank on through mechanism which folds down and seals the bottom flap. The partiallyfinished envelope is now carried on under a gum-roller,which applies gumtothe sealing-flap, and thenceinto the device for folding this flap. From this device the envelope 7 5 is delivered into the endless-chain carrier complete and ready for use. The endless carrierbelt, the endlesschain carrier into which the envelopes are delivered, the blank-platform upheld by springs,the folders for the end flaps, and rollers for applying gum to the blank have all been employed before in envelope machines, and I do not, broadly, claim them herein.

In Fig. 2 I have not shown the gum-fount- 8 ain and fountain-rollers, as these would obsome the parts beneath. This view represents the machine in plan, as it appears when the fountain and its rollers have been removed.

I will now, with the aid of the drawings, 0 proceed to describe my machine more minutely, promising that I have not deemed it necessary to show all the frame-work of the machine.

A represents the table, adapted to form a 5 support for the mechanism.

B and B are two principal shafts forming the axes of rollers O and O, which support the endless carrier-belt D. I will refer to this as one belt, for convenience; but itcomprises, roo

in fact, two twin belts placed side by side, with a narrow space left between them, in which is placed some of the mechanism to be hereinafter described. The mechanism is all driven positively through the medium of toothed gearing.

B is the driving-shaft, provided with the usual tight and loose pulleys, B. (Seen in Fig. 9.)

I Will now begin with the feeding mechanism, and describe the several elements of the machine in their proper order or succession as far as possible.

Referring particularly to the first four fig arcs of the drawings, E is a cross bar or frame mounted on table A and provided with arms a, in which is rotativcly mounted on a shaft, '1), a roller, F, and on this shaft 1) is loosely mounted one end of a frame, (l, which extends back over the carrier-belt l), where in its free end is rotativel y mounted a roller, 0. Another shaft, (I, (seen best in Fig. 4,) is mounted rotativel y in bearings on the table A, and has fixed on it, or forming a part of it, two rollers, c c. The shaft (6 is driven from shaft B through toothed gears e. (Seen best in Fig. 4.) Over the rollers e c, F, and 0 pass twin endless belts ff, which bear on the carrier-belt D at the point where it breaks over roller 0 and back to roller 0, the weight of the swinging frame G and the belts being sufficient to hold the latter down into contact with belt D. Be-

tween the rollers c e on shaft (1 is formed a narrow collar, 11, which I will call the suctionroller. This roller is just large enough to .rise flush with the outer faces of belts f, and its face is close to the face of the belt D. The shaft (Z is tubular for at least a part of its length,and at its end it is provided with an airexhausting device, II, of some kind. I have shown this device in the form of a diaphragmpump provided with a headed stem, i, (see Fig. 4,) with which engages a forked arm, 71., which is acted upon by a cam, j, on the shaft B, once for each revolution of said shaft. In the suction-roller d are one or more small holes, g,thepurpose of which will be described farther on. As herein shown, the suctionroller (1 makes four revolutions to one of the roller 0, and the exhaust acts at every fourth revolution of shaft (1.

Iis the blank-platform, (see Fig.3,) mounted to play vertically in bearings in a reciprocating bed, J, and upheld by a spring, 7;. The blanks l are held in their proper position by guides on. fixed on bed J-that is to say, these four guides are uprights secured at their bases to bed J, and they project upward through apertures in platform I, in position to engage the angles of the blanks, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. These guides will be so placed as to suit the particular size and pattern of blank to be folded. In the present case the blank is of lozenge form. \Vhen pressed upward by the spring,the topmost blank rests against the suction-roller d, or an idler-roller, a, Fig. 3, mounted in the pendent ends of the arms a on frame E, or secured to some other fixed part. The bed J is adapted to reciprocate on rocking bearings-namely, the shafts o 0 being supported on the upright arms 0 0.-

The shafts 0 0 have bearings in the frame of the machine; but this frame is not shown in Fig. 3. The rocking is effected through the medium of a cam,p, on shaft B, an arm q, pivoted to the table and resting on said eam,and a connecting-rod, 1', connected at one end to arm q and at the other end to an arm on one of the shafts 0. This produces the forward motion of bed J, and a spring or springs, s, coiled around shaft 0, serve to retract it.

Before proceeding further I will describe the operation of the feeding mechanism.

The belts are moving in the direction of the arrows, and the bed J, with the blank-platform, is moving forward (to the right in Fig. 3,) with the same speed as that of the belts. Then the forward corner of the blank reaches a point directly under the axis of shaft d, the said shaft is so turned that the holesg in roller d will be resting on the blank at its extreme front or corner. At this instant cam j moves lever or arm h, actuates the pump H, and exhausts the air from roller (2. This causes the topmost blank to adhere to the suction-roller, which instantly rolls and wraps it round and carries it up to the point where it is nipped between belts ff and D. The vacuum is now broken by the passing of cam j, and the blank is drawn in by and between the belts. In order to avoid any dragging friction on the blank, which might cause it to slide and loose the hold of the suction-roller on it, I arrange the blank-platform, as before stated, to move forward in the same direction as the blank seized, and with the same speed as that at which the topmost blank is moving, whereby all retarding friction is prevented; but the guides at must always project a little above the topmost blank, and in order to enable the said blank to lift clear of these guides, and also to enable the tops of the forward guides to clear the shaft d when the bed J moves for ward, I give said bed a swinging movement, whereby it draws down as it advances, as seen in Fig. 3, where the bed J is supposed to have advanced far enough to permit the corner of the topmost blank to be carried up to or nearly to the point where the belts nip it; but it will be seen that some means must be provided to compel the blank-platform I to descend with the bed J. Otherwise it would be kept up by the pressure of spring 7:. To effect this, I mount two arms, t t, on bed J and connect their tops by a bar, a. A spring, 1), tends to throw bar a over until short projections it on arms t rest against shaft (1. Now, when the bed J is at the end of its backstroke the device I have described, and which I call the bail, (see Fig. 3%) will rest against shaft d, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3; but when the platform advances the bail straightens up, the blanks pass under the bar a, and then as the platform draws down in its farther advance this bar will resist the upward pressure of spring is and permit the platform I to descend with the bed J. After the cam 19 has passed, the spring 8 retracts the bed J. As the blanks Z do or may draw back from under the suction-roller d, I prefer to employ the idler n to bear on the blanks and resist the spring is. This idler may be mounted in any convenient way; or it might be a smooth bar in lieu of a roller.

I may say that in order to allow the bar it to take over the advanced corners of the blanks on the platform I, I form notches or recesses in the front edge of said platform to receive the upright t of the bail. It is not convenient ordinarily to place the uprights t far enough apart for the platform I to move between them. The blank, now drawn along between the belts, passes through the end-flap folders K. These are composed of folding-blades and folding-plates in the usual way, and are supported by uprights K. I have not shown these in detail, as they are not new with me. They may be seen illustrated and described in the patent of Sickels, No. 307,079. After the end flaps are partly folded the blank passes out from under the belts f and passes under a thin resisting-plate, a), arranged just over belt D; but before its rear end is freed from the belts fits forward end will be nipped by the first gumming-rollcr.

Referring now to Figs. 7 and 8 more particularly, L is the first gnmming-roller, which is designed to apply the gum to the blank in the form of a V to secure the bottom flap after it has been folded down. 1 will say that the gumming-rollers are driven positively by gearwheels at a surface speed equal to that of the carrier-belt D; but for the present I will omit the description of their accessories. The roller L maybe constructed in any way,and itis provided with a raised gumming-face, s, in the form of a V, as in other machines of this class.

Mounted rotativcly over the belt D,in front of gnmming-roller L, is a roller, M, which serves to complete the folding of the bottom flap. This roller is by preference pressed down upon the belt D by springs. Just behind roller M is an elastic finger, v, mounted in a slot or recess in the table-bed, and its end arranged to project up through the narrow space between the twin belts D, behind roller M, as indicated in Fig. 7. As the envelopeblank advances,this finger deflects the bottom flap upward over roller M. Just at the proper moment a folding-blade, a, which has been advancing with the same speed as the blank and with its front edge exactly in aline with the fold, breaks the blank and forces the bight under roller M, which nips it and seals down the bottom flap.

I will now describe the mechanism for act uating the folding-blade, z. This blade extends across the table-bed,and its ends are secured to reciprocating arms a a, which are coupled at their rear ends to arms I) b, that turn loosely on a cross-rod, c, fixed in the frame of table A. Each arm a rests on a spring-supported roller, 6', so that it is elastically upheld,and it is provided with a toothed rack, f, arranged to mesh with a segmentraek, g, on the end of the roller L. A coilspring on rod or a spring arranged in any well-known way, serves to normally retract the blade 2', and the rollers 6 keep it raised normally a little way above the blank. Now, when the blank has advanced until the front edge of the folding-blade o coincides with the line of the fold of the bottom fiap and the rack g engages with the rack f, the blade is depressed nearly to the blank and then moved forward with the blank until the fold is made and nipped by roller M. The racks now disengage, the blade is lifted alittle by roller e, so as to clear the gum on the body of the blank, and then retracted to its first position. The roller M seals down the bottom flap and the envelope is finished, except as to the folding of the sealing-flap and the application of the gum thereto.

Referring now especially to Figs. and 6, but incidentally also to Figs. 1, 2, and 9, I will describe the mechanism for folding and gunnning the sealing-flap, and for delivering the finished envelope into the endless-chain carrier.

L is the roller that applies the gum to the.

sealing-flap, which is constructed, mounted, and operated in substantially the same way as roller L. The foldingroller M, which is driven positively by suitable gearing, carries the envelope along under roller L, which applies gum to the sealing-flap, and carries the envelope along into the sealing-flap folder, which I will now describe. On a shaft, N, rotatively mounted, is fixed a disk, 0, which is provided with four radial slots, h h, and on the main shaft Bis secured an arm, ii, which bears a roller or plain wrist on its out-er end. When this arm is carried around by the shaft B, the roller on its end engages one of the slots h,and in continuing its rotation the disk 0 is rotated a quarter-revolntion on its axis, and the roller on the arm then passes out of the slot. On the next round of shaft B the disk is turned another quarter-revolution.

On the shaft N are mounted two ca1in-disks, P P, between which are attached four fixed blades jj, and fourhinged blades, 7t 7;. The adjacent bladesj and It" form a pocket to receive the body of the envelope, which passes into said pocket, as indicated in Fig. 5, where the mouth of a pocket is shown open to receive it. Behind each of the hinged blades k is rotatively mounted a cam-shaft, l, on which are mounted several cams or eccentrics, m, and on said cam-shaft, outside of one disk P, (see Fig. 6,) is fixed a double crank, a. As

the disks P rotate, the wrist on one arm of the crank it engages a fixed pin or Wiper, 0", on the table and rotates the cam-shaft and cams, causing these latter to act on the hinged blade 7;, so that it will shut and clasp the envelopebody. The outer edge of bladej now c0ineides with the line on which the sealing-flap is to be folded. As the envelope is borne around, the projecting sealing-flap engages a folding-roller, Q, which folds it sharply over the edge of blade j. This roller Q is mounted in arms 19, which are hung on a rod, q, and said roller is kept pressed up to the cam-disks P, on which it rolls, by a spring, 1*, shown as coiled around rod q. As roller Q travels up the inclined edges ofcam-disks P,it eventually strikes the projecting sealing flap, bends it over the edge of fixed bladej, and then drops into recesses in disks P, as clearly shown in Fig. 6.

At the progressive movement of this folder the other arm of the crank 11, engages a releasing pin or stud, 0, on the frame, and the cams m are turned, so as to release the hinged blade 7r',which is now thrown open by a spring, .9, which acts upon a branch from its hinge. The open pocket holding the envelope is now opposite the endless chain carrier R, and the envelope is delivered into the same by the device I will now describe.

S S are delivery-fingers mounted to oscillate on a rod. t, in the main frame. The free ends or tips t" of these fingers are bent inward, and when drawn back, asindicated in Fig. 6, these finger-tips spring over and take between the sealing-flap and body of the envelope. Now when the arms swing forward the finger-tips take into the corners or angles formed at the junction of the sealing-flap with the body and carry the envelopes forwardinto the carrier. In order to give this delivering device its proper motion,I fix an arm, T, to a cross-shaft, a, and couple its lower end with the fingers S by a rod, to. On the end of shaft u is an arm, '0, acted on by a cam, 11, on a cross-shaft, w; This cam serves to push the fingers for ward and deliver the envelope, and a spring, m,(see Fig. 9,) on rod 6 serves to retract them after the cam has passed. The endless-chain carrier is driven intermittently from the shaft N of the sealing-flap folder through suitable toothed gears, 3 which will need no further description.

I will now briefly describe the mechanism for applying gum to rollers L L, promising that while I prefer the construction shown any other may be substituted for it that will properly supply the gum.

On the table are arranged posts or bearings z, upon which is mounted the gum receptacle or trough U. In this trough are mounted the gunrsupply rollers V V.

W is a rod mounted in the posts 2, and on this rod are hung radially arms a a, in the free ends of which arejournaled the gum-rollers L L. These rest on the envelope with their weight and that of their appurtenances.

X X are the rollers which take the gum from the rollers V V and supply it to rollers L L. These rollers are mounted in the upper ends of lovers 1), which are f ulcrumed, respectively,on the shafts c, mounted rotatively in the arms a. One lever, b, is an elbow- ]ever, and its lower end is acted on by a cam, d, on the axis of roller L or L, which serves at each revolution to bring roller X or X down to roller L or L, as the case may be. The rollers X X are retracted by springs e.

The gum-rollers are driven positively as follows: Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 9, Y is a longitudinal shaft, which is driven from shaft B through miter-gears f, and drives shaft B through miter-gears g. This shaft Y also drives shaft w through miter-gears h. On shaft w is a gear-wheel, '6, which meshes with and drives a gear-wheel, j, that is loose on red NV, and this wheel meshes with and drives rollers L L through gears it on their axes. Gears mesh in turn with gear-wheels Z on the axes of the gum-supply rollers V and V, and thus drive the latter.

In Fig. 1., to avoid confusion, I have only shown portions of the gear-wheelsj, k, and Z. Their arrangement will be readily understood however, by any one skilled in construeting gearing.

The mechanisms for preventing the rollers L and L from gumming the belt are constructed alike, and the description of that connected with roller L will be sufficient.

which plays in a slot in the center of the tableand just above the level of belt D. It is' arranged in the narrow space between the belts D before referred to. The short arm of lever m is coupled by aslot and pin to an arm,p, on a cross-shaft,p, and on this arm, near the edge of the table, is fixed another arm, q, the upper free end of which is coupled to a slide, 9", (see Fig. 8,) which has a hook, s, on its end, and back of this a raised seat, t. On the axis of roller L is fixed a disk, Z, which bears on its face a pin, 10', and a cam, 12. The operation is as follows: The machine being in motion and no envelope-blank being fed, as roller L revolves, before the gumming-surface 8 on said roller can reach the belt D the pin 10 engages the hook s and draws the slide 1 forward, cam 12 rides upon seat t and lifts roller L clear of the belt, so that in continuing its revolution no gum will be applied to the latter. This movement of the parts will throw the T-head 'm on lever m toward the front of the machine by reason of its coupling with the arm 11, as will be well understood. The parts will stand in this position until a blank approaches. This blank as it passes under the plate as will press on the convex face of the T-head m with sufficient force to carry it forward to the proper position, thus drawing back the slide 9 and permitting roller L to descend, so that it may apply gum to the blank. The parts are so timed that the slide is drawn forward when the pin on the disk Z is free from the hook s on the slide. Fig. 8, which is a detached view of disk Z, showing the cam o and the pin 20 on its inner face, illustrates substantially the relative IIO positions of the gumming-face s on the roller L, the cam o, and the pin a. The cam must of course coincide with the gummingface in order to raise the roller at the proper moment, and the pin a must follow after said earn as the roller revolves. XVhile blanks are passing in proper succession the slide 0- will be drawn forward by pin a at each revolution,the approaching envelope-blank drawing it back; but if there is a gap in the succession of blanks the slide 1- will stand where the pin a leaves it, and the cam will ride up on seat t. In order that the cam '0' may not strike the hook s, the latter is set so as to stand just inside of the path of said cam. In order to lift the roller .TJ evenly, I prefer to employ a slide, cam, &c., at each end of it.

In respect of roller L,which applies the gum to the sealing flap, I will say that roller M serves the same purpose as plate m, so far as the mechanism for preventing this roller from gunnning the belt is concerned.

Some departure from the construction herein shown can be made without affecting the operation of the machine, and I do not confine myself to that described in every particular.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. A paperfeeding mechanism comprising as its essential elements a feed-roller, another and hollow feed-roller with lateral orifices, the two rollers rotating substantially in peripheral. contact, an air-exhausting vmechanism connected with the hollow roller, and a reciprocating bed or platform to support the sheets of paper to be fed, the forward move ment of said bed corresponding in speed sub stantially to the peripheral speed of the feedrollers, whereby the sheet of paper will be carried forward bodily with the same speed that it is taken up, as set forth.

2. The pneumatic feeding device herein described, comprising the suction-roller and airexhausting mechanism, the endless belts and their rollers for seizing the blanks and carrying them on, and the reciprocating blankplatform, said platform moving in a plane sub stantial] y parallel with the plane of the blanks thereon, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a pneumatic feeding device for the blanks, the endless belt I) and its bearingrollers, the endless belts f and their hearing- .rollers, the suction-roller, the air-exhauster connected with said roller, the reciprocating blank-platform, and the springs under said platform which keep it pressed normally upward, said platform moving in a plane substantially parallel with the plane of the blanks thereon, as set forth.

4. The combination of the platform J,

mounted on arms 0, substantially as shown, the means, substantially as described, for imparting a reciprocating motion to said platform J, the blank-platform I and its spring 7c, the guides on, the bail, comprising the arms 1 and rod a, hinged to platform J, and the spring a, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

5. A. bottom-flap folder comprising the endless oarryingbelt, the yielding roller M, elastic finger y, the folding-blade c, having four lIlOblOl1S-1l2llTlBly, down, forward, up, and back-and means, substantially as described, for giving the proper motions to said folding blade, substantially as set forth.

6. The bottom-flap folder and gu mmer,comprising the gumming'roller L, provided with a rack, the arms a, provided with racks f, the folding-blade z, the elastically-mounted bearing-rollers 0, the yielding roller M, the elastic finger? and means, substantially as described, for retracting the folding-blade when the racks disengage, all arranged to operate substantially as described.

7. The mechanism for folding the sealingflap, comprising the shaft N, the disk O,with slots h, the shaft 13 and arm t,'the cam-disks P, provided with fixed blades j and hinged blades it, having suitable springs, s, the closing-cams or eccentrics m and their shafts, the cranks a, wipers 0 and 0, and the elastically-mounted folding-roller Q, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the endless-chain carrier R,of the means for delivering the cnvelopes into said carrier, comprising thefingers S, provided with bent tips '6, the spring for operat ing said fingers in one direction, the shaft a and its arms T and v, and the cam o and its shaft, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

9. The means for preventing the gumming of the carrier-belt 1), comprising the combination of the T-headed elbow-lever at, its shaft, the arms 19' and q and their shaft, the slide r, provided with a hook, s, and seat t, the gumming-roller provided with a disk, Z, on its axis, the cam a, pin. a, and means, substantially as described, for keeping the blank pressed down against the T-head m with sufficient force, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE il't. (jlhAltKliJ.

-Witnesses:

HENRY CONNE'IT, ARTHUR O. FRA sun. 

